(Academic Blog Post)
Further to my podcast discussing the impact of the Internet and Web 2.0 on Higher Education (HE) institutions, I would like to look at the use of e-learning in HE.
Turban et al (2010, p.347) define Electronic learning or e-Learning as “the online delivery of information for purposes of education, training or knowledge management”. It has been used for many years in Higher Education, particularly in distance learning. Initially information was distributed on CD-ROMs and consequently DVDs. With the internet now faster and more accessible than ever, e-learning has a whole new platform and importance in HE. A great example is how encyclopaedias were condensed and digitised to fit onto a CD-ROM, such as Microsoft Encarta, and have now developed into an ever-growing websites such as Wikipedia. Web 2.0 has given educators the opportunity to utilise the internet to engage with their students through interactive course content.
One of the benefits of e-learning is to save educators time and money by giving students access to online course material rather than having to provide it in person. Open Educational Resources (OER) allow tutors to download and use free learning and teaching materials, which is obviously a lot cheaper than buying then or spending hours making their own (OER Commons, n.d. ; Pollini et al 2011).
Blended learning involves imbedding ICT into any given subject to enhance rather than replace face-to-face teaching(Garrison & Vaughan, 2008). For example, creating a quiz about a topic studied to assess student’s knowledge of that subject area. Multimedia such as video clips and audio podcasts can be incorporated effectively into course content. Using a variety of teaching methods should cover the three main learning styles of visual, audio and kinaesthetic to ensure that all learners can engage with the curriculum. JISC (n.d.) researches digital technologies for education and encourages educators to implement e-learning into their curriculum.
As well as tutors providing online material for their students, students can do the same. E-portfolios are a good way for students to update their own progress online for a tutor to view. As well as working as a journal, it can also be used for formative assessment. It can replace the need for paper-based journals which are so often forgotten about. Instead students can quickly post a note about their thoughts on a subject or link to articles or journals they may have found. Tutors can then give immediate feedback to the student rather than waiting on a summative assignment.
HE institutions benefit from using a bespoke Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) to house all these e-learning materials. Anderson (2007) recognises that it gives structure and authenticity to the content, which is lacking in wider social media networks such as Facebook. Forums and Wiki’s can be administered by academics to prevent misuse and work can be monitored to ensure academic guidelines are being followed.
It is important that e-learning is used in a structured manner and Napier University has developed a framework “to assist staff to meaningfully incorporate technology into the learning and teaching approach of their module” (Edinburgh Napier University, n.d.). They give clear guidelines to for educators to enhance, extend and empower their teaching with technology.
In conclusion, using a variety of e-learning materials can enhance teaching and benefits both educators and learners alike. Utilising e-learning tools in a structured manner makes technology purposeful and accessible, thus improving the learning experience for all.
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References
Anderson, P.( 2007) What is Web 2.0? Ideas, technologies and implications for education. JISC Technology and Standards Watch, Feb, pp.1 – 64
Edinburgh Napier University (n.d.) University benchmark for the use of technology in modules. [Internet] Available at: <http://staff.napier.ac.uk/services/academicdevelopment/TechBenchmark/Pages/home.aspx>
[Accessed 2 Dec 2012]
Garrison, D. R. & Vaughan, N. D. (2008) Blended Learning in higher Education. San Francisco, Wiley.
JISC (n.d.) e-Learning programme. [Internet]
Available at: <http://www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/programmes/elearning.aspx>
[Accessed 2 Dec 2012]
OER Commons (n.d.) What are Open Educational Resources (OER)? [Internet]
Available at:< http://www.oercommons.org/about#what-are-open-educational-resources-oer>
[Accessed 20 Nov 2011]
Pollini, A., Giusti, L. & Napoletano, L. (2011) Emerging Informal Learning 2.0 Practices: a preliminary exploration. CHItaly Proceedings of the 9th ACM SIGCHI Italian Chapter International Conference on Computer-Human Interaction: Facing Complexity, pp 71-75
Turban, E., King, D., Lee. J, Liang, T-P. & Turban, D. (2010) Electronic Commerce 2010: A managerial perspective. Sixth ed. New Jersey, Pearson.